Short answer
No. A translation of the Qur'an is not the Qur'an. It is a translation of the Qur'an's meaning. The Qur'an was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) in Arabic, and it calls itself an Arabic Qur'an again and again. Its words are the words of God (﷾), and no one may add a word or take one away. A translator can only give his own understanding of those words in another language. That is why translations differ from one another, while all of them point back to one Arabic original. It is also why Muslims recite the Qur'an in Arabic, and many learn all of it by heart. The original is not lost or hidden. Arabic is a living language of hundreds of millions of people, and it is taught all over the world. So Islam encourages every Muslim to learn Arabic and read the Qur'an for himself.
Full explanation
The Qur'an calls itself Arabic
The Qur'an does not only happen to be in Arabic. It names its language as part of what it is. God (﷾) sent it down to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) "as an Arabic Qur'an", through the angel Gabriel, in clear Arabic. So the Qur'an is those Arabic words. An English sentence, however careful, is a different set of words.
“We have sent it down as an Arabic Qur'an, in order that ye may learn wisdom.”
“We have made it a Qur'an in Arabic, that ye may be able to understand (and learn wisdom).”
“Verily this is a Revelation from the Lord of the Worlds: With it came down the spirit of Faith and Truth- To thy heart and mind, that thou mayest admonish. In the perspicuous Arabic tongue.”
Not even the Prophet (ﷺ) could change a word
When his opponents asked for a different reading, the Prophet (ﷺ) was told to answer that it was not for him to change it. He only followed what was revealed. If the one who received it could not alter a word, no scholar or translator can. God (﷾) promises to guard the Qur'an. He guards the Arabic words He sent down, not any one person's rendering of them.
“But when Our Clear Signs are rehearsed unto them, those who rest not their hope on their meeting with Us, Say: "Bring us a reading other than this, or change this," Say: "It is not for me, of my own accord, to change it: I follow naught but what is revealed unto me: if I were to disobey my Lord, I should myself fear the penalty of a Great Day (to come)."”
“We have, without doubt, sent down the Message; and We will assuredly guard it (from corruption).”
Translators say so themselves
Muslim translators make the same point. Marmaduke Pickthall, whose English version appeared in 1930, called it "The Meaning of the Glorious Koran". He wrote that the Qur'an itself cannot be translated. The English quoted on this page, Yusuf Ali's, is likewise a guide to the meaning. The Arabic is the Qur'an.
An English Muslim who translated the Qur'an, Pickthall named his work "The Meaning of the Glorious Koran". In his foreword he wrote that the Qur'an cannot be translated: his English gives only the meaning, and is not the Qur'an itself.
The Gospels already translate Jesus
Jesus spoke Aramaic, the language of Galilee, but the Gospels of the New Testament were written in Greek. Mark keeps a few of his Aramaic words and then translates them for Greek readers. So even the oldest of the New Testament Gospels gives most of Jesus' words in translation, and an English Bible is a translation of that. When the Qur'an tells what Jesus said, it is God's (﷾) own account in Arabic, not his followers' report. The Qur'an, by contrast, is still read in the Arabic in which it was revealed.
“And he took the damsel by the hand, and said unto her, Talitha cumi; which is, being interpreted, Damsel, I say unto thee, arise.”
“And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? which is, being interpreted, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?”
Perspectives
The Gospels and translation
Historians agree that Jesus taught mainly in Aramaic, while the Gospels were written in Greek. The Gospels themselves show the step of translation.
Mark records some of Jesus' words in Aramaic and then translates them into Greek for his readers.
The Islamic perspective
The Qur'an is the word of God (﷾) revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) in Arabic. Only that Arabic text is the Qur'an. A translation is a useful guide to its meaning, but it is a human work and can never replace the original.
The Qur'an repeatedly describes itself as an Arabic Qur'an, sent down in a clear Arabic tongue.
The Qur'an tells the Prophet (ﷺ) to say that he has no right to change it of his own accord.
The Qur'an is the word of God (﷾) in its Arabic wording. God (﷾) has promised to guard it, so no one may add to it or remove from it.
Muslim translators such as Pickthall present their work as the meaning of the Qur'an, not as the Qur'an itself.
Every translation is one person's understanding. So Muslims are encouraged to learn Arabic, and read the Qur'an in the language in which it was revealed.