Short answer
No. At his trial the high priest asked Jesus whether he was "the Christ, the Son of the Blessed", the Messiah (Mark 14:61). Jesus said he was, and spoke of "the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power" (Mark 14:62). He never said "I am God". The phrase comes from Daniel 7, and Daniel's own vision explains it: the kingdom is given to "the saints of the most High" (Daniel 7:18). In the Bible "son of man" means a human being; God (﷾) calls the prophet Ezekiel "Son of man" (Ezekiel 2:1). The court that called it blasphemy had first looked for false witnesses (Mark 14:55-56). In the Qur'an, Jesus says: "It is Allah Who is my Lord and your Lord; then worship Him" (3:51).
Full explanation
The Christian reading
At the trial, the high priest asked Jesus, "Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?" Jesus answered, "I am: and ye shall see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven" (Mark 14:61-62). The high priest tore his clothes and called it blasphemy, and the council condemned him (Mark 14:63-64). Many Christians read this as a claim to be God. Jesus, they say, was naming himself as the figure in Daniel 7. That figure comes with the clouds, and is given an everlasting kingdom that all nations serve (Daniel 7:13-14).
“But he held his peace, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him, and said unto him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed? And Jesus said, I am: and ye shall see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.”
“Then the high priest rent his clothes, and saith, What need we any further witnesses?”
“Ye have heard the blasphemy: what think ye? And they all condemned him to be guilty of death.”
“I saw in the night visions, and, behold, one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him. And there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.”
What he was asked, and what he said
The high priest did not ask "Are you God?" He asked whether Jesus was "the Christ", the Messiah. In Matthew, Jesus does not even say "I am"; he answers, "Thou hast said" (Matthew 26:63-64). In neither Gospel does he say that he is God.
“But he held his peace, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him, and said unto him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed? And Jesus said, I am: and ye shall see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.”
“But Jesus held his peace. And the high priest answered and said unto him, I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God. Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said: nevertheless I say unto you, Hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.”
A court looking for a charge
Mark says the chief priests and the council "sought for witness against Jesus to put him to death; and found none. For many bare false witness against him, but their witness agreed not together" (Mark 14:55-56). A court that had already failed with false witnesses is a poor judge of what his words meant. Its verdict proves what the court wanted, not what Jesus claimed.
“And the chief priests and all the council sought for witness against Jesus to put him to death; and found none. For many bare false witness against him, but their witness agreed not together.”
“Ye have heard the blasphemy: what think ye? And they all condemned him to be guilty of death.”
Who is the son of man in Daniel 7?
Daniel himself is told what the vision means. The four beasts "are four kings", "But the saints of the most High shall take the kingdom, and possess the kingdom for ever" (Daniel 7:17-18). Later the kingdom and dominion "shall be given to the people of the saints of the most High" (Daniel 7:27). The everlasting kingdom given to the one like a son of man is the kingdom given to the saints. And in the Bible "son of man" means a human being. God (﷾) calls the prophet Ezekiel "Son of man" again and again (Ezekiel 2:1), and "God is not a man ... neither the son of man" (Numbers 23:19).
“These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, which shall arise out of the earth. But the saints of the most High shall take the kingdom, and possess the kingdom for ever, even for ever and ever.”
“And the kingdom and dominion, and the greatness of the kingdom under the whole heaven, shall be given to the people of the saints of the most High, whose kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey him.”
“And he said unto me, Son of man, stand upon thy feet, and I will speak unto thee.”
“God is not a man, that he should lie; neither the son of man, that he should repent: hath he said, and shall he not do it? or hath he spoken, and shall he not make it good?”
Served and seated: honour, not godhood
In the King James Version the nations "should serve him" (Daniel 7:14), as nations served their kings. To sit at the right hand is a place of honour. The Bible offers a seat even to believers: "To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne" (Revelation 3:21). Neither serving nor sitting makes a man God.
“I saw in the night visions, and, behold, one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him. And there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.”
“To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne, even as I also overcame, and am set down with my Father in his throne.”
What Jesus says in the Qur'an
In the Qur'an, Jesus tells his people: "It is Allah Who is my Lord and your Lord; then worship Him. This is a Way that is straight" (3:51). On the Day of Judgement, Allah (﷾) will ask him whether he told people to worship him and his mother as gods. He will answer: "never could I say what I had no right (to say)" (5:116). For he told them only to "worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord" (5:117).
“"'It is Allah Who is my Lord and your Lord; then worship Him. This is a Way that is straight.'"”
“And behold! Allah will say: "O Jesus the son of Mary! Didst thou say unto men, worship me and my mother as gods in derogation of Allah'?" He will say: "Glory to Thee! never could I say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, thou wouldst indeed have known it. Thou knowest what is in my heart, Thou I know not what is in Thine. For Thou knowest in full all that is hidden. "Never said I to them aught except what Thou didst command me to say, to wit, 'worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord'; and I was a witness over them whilst I dwelt amongst them; when Thou didst take me up Thou wast the Watcher over them, and Thou art a witness to all things.”
Perspectives
He claimed to be God before the high priest
Many Christians hold that at his trial Jesus claimed to be the divine son of man of Daniel 7. That, they say, is why the high priest called it blasphemy.
Jesus named himself as Daniel's son of man, a divine figure whom all nations serve.
Rebuttal
Daniel's own vision explains the figure: the kingdom goes to "the saints of the most High" (Daniel 7:18, 27). "Son of man" means a human being, as when God (﷾) calls Ezekiel "Son of man" (Ezekiel 2:1). And in the KJV the nations "serve" him.
The high priest called it blasphemy, so Jesus must have claimed to be God.
Rebuttal
He was asked if he was "the Christ", the Messiah, not whether he was God (Mark 14:61). And the court had already looked for false witnesses whose stories did not agree (Mark 14:55-56). Its verdict is not proof of what he claimed.
The Islamic perspective
Jesus was the Messiah and a messenger of God (﷾), and he never claimed to be God. He told his people to worship Allah (﷾), his Lord and theirs.
At the trial Jesus was asked whether he was the Messiah, and he never said that he was God.
Daniel's vision gives the everlasting kingdom to the saints of the most High.
In the Qur'an Jesus says: Allah (﷾) is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him.